Learning a new language has never been more accessible, thanks to the internet, smartphones, and a wide range of learning contents. But what methods are there and which ones are the most effective?

In this post, we’ll explore the different approaches one can take to language learning, so you can chose the ones which suit you best.

1. Immersion Method

Immersing yourself in a language means surrounding yourself with it as much as possible, be it through listening to radio and TV channels as much as possible or reading a book in that language – basically, you try to integrate your target language as much as possible into your environment. This method is best for learners who want rapid improvement and cultural fluency. However, speaking is not a main focus of this approach, except if you are able to either travel to the country or find people in your native setting who can practice with you in your target language. 

How to Immerse yourself:

• Watch movies and TV shows in the target language (with or without subtitles).

• Listen to music, podcasts, and news.

• Change your phone and apps to the target language.

• Travel or live in a country where the language is spoken.
  
  

2. Grammar-Translation Method

In contrast, the grammar-translation mehthod is the method traditionally used in schools. This methods focuses on reading, writing, and translating texts between your native language and the target language. Although it teaches grammar backgrounds and thus understanding for the underlying principles of the language, it can be rather boring and monotonous and doesn’t help much with getting fluent especially in speaking – going back and forth from your native language to the target language. Nevertheless it can be good for learners who enjoy structure and want a solid understanding of grammar.

How to apply the Traditional Method:

• Use textbooks with grammar explanations and vocabulary lists.

• Practice translating short passages and sentences.

• Focus on rules, verb conjugations, and syntax.
  
  

3. Communicative Approach

The communicative approach ephasizes speaking from the very beginning. It thus teaches  understanding and use of the target language in real-life situations and avoids the memorization of rules. Don’t worry about making mistakes, your aim is to be understood. This method is the best if your focus lies on achieving confident speech and communication. 

How to apply the Communicative Approach:

• Practice conversation early, even with limited vocabulary.

• Join language exchange meetups or online conversation groups.

• Role-play common situations (e.g., ordering food, asking for directions).

4. Spaced Repetition Systems (SRS)

Although this is not a language learning method per se, it is a good memory technique that helps you retain vocabulary by reviewing it at increasing intervals. However, it is important to keep learning decks manageable and relevant, avoiding overloading your brain by cramming 1,000 words at once.

How to do Spaced Repetition:

• Use apps like Anki, Memrise, or Quizlet.

• Create flashcards with images, audio, and example sentences.

• Review a small number of words consistently over time.

5. The Natural Approach

Have you wondered how you achieved to master your native language to excellent fluency? Children learn by focusing on the understanding of language first, then, when it seems familiar they slowly start to actually speak it. This method tries to imitate this way babies learn – and helps you learn your target language in a very natural way. 

How to Assimilate a Language the Natural Way:

• Listen and read a lot before trying to speak. Use picture books, simple audio, or easy podcasts.

• Focus on understanding meaning from context rather than translating.

• Slowly start speaking when you feel ready, and don’t pressure yourself.

6. Task-Based Learning

This Method actually means learning by doing real-world tasks using the language. Choose tasks that interest you personally to keep it fun and engaging.

How to use Task-Based Learning:

• Cook a recipe in your target language.

• Write a blog post or review in the target language.

• Record yourself giving directions or describing your day.

7. Shadowing and Imitation

Rather than being a language learning method for itself, this is a fun and effective approach for improving pronunciation and intonation. You only need an audio and repeat  what you hear immediately it is said. 

How to apply:

• Use short audio clips with transcripts.

• Repeat each sentence aloud, mimicking intonation and pace.

• Record yourself and compare.
  
  

Final Thoughts

No single method is perfect. The best approach often involves combining methods to cover listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Ask yourself:

• Do I need structure or flexibility?

• Am I learning for fun, travel, exams, or work?

• How much time can I realistically invest?

The most important part of language learning isn’t the method – it’s consistency and enjoyment. If you’re having fun, you will be motivated to continue practicing regularly – and that means you’re already on the right path.

What about you?
What language are you learning, and what methods have helped you the most? Share your experience in the comments!